Vegetarian Newsletter
 Horticultural Sciences Department
A Vegetable Crops Extension Publication
  

Vegetarian 05-03
 March 2005

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Snack Food Association Potato Variety Trial, 2004

Cooperators:

Chad Hutchinson, Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.  Email: cmhutch@ufl.edu.
 Marion White, Mid-Florida REC, University of Florida/IFAS, 2725 Binion Road, Apopka, FL.  Telephone: 407-884-2034.

General Comments:

A goal of the Snack Food Association Trial is to identify a short-season processing potato variety with better production and quality characteristics than Atlantic, the current standard.  Chip quality was determined by personnel at Utz Quality Foods.

Planting Site:  University of Florida, PSREU Hastings Farm
 Planting Date/Harvest Date:  February 4, 2004; May 17, 2004
 Season Length:  103 days

Growing Conditions: Where conditions were less than ideal during the 2004 potato season.  February and March were wetter than normal in Northeast Florida.  The amount of rainfall early in the season qualified the research farm to apply 30 lb/Acre of supplemental nitrogen above the 200 lb nitrogen/Acre base rate (Best Management Practices).  Base and supplemental rates are both part of the BMP rate. May and June were hot.  Early season stress from heavy rain and no nitrogen (leaching) combined with the high temperatures late in the season impaired crop quality in the region.

Overall, weather conditions were poor, fertilization practices were good, irrigation practices were good and pest incidence was light.  Therefore, overall growing conditions for the trial were good.

Experimental Design:   Each variety/clone was planted in a single 250 ft row as dictated by the SFA protocol.  Four 20 ft sections of each row were harvested and graded.  This was not a replicated experiment.  Only means were calculated.

Row Spacing: 8 inches in-row, 40 inches between-row

Fertilizer: preplant, 100-43-86 lb/A; sidedress, 50-0-42 lb/A (2 appl.) and 30-0-25 lb/A

Pest Control:    Telone II, 6 gpa, pre-plant
                        Temik 15G, 20 lb/A, at planting
                        Sencor DF, 16 oz/A and Dual II Magnum, 1 pt/A, at hilling
                        Fungicides and Insecticides as needed, IPM program

Early Plant Size (Early Vigor): Not available
Highest Total Yield: ND5822C-7 (401 cwt/acre or 44.9 MT/ha)
 Highest Marketable Yield: W1773-7 (318 cwt/acre or 35.6 MT/ha)
 Best Overall Tuber Appearance: Snowden (6.7), ND5822C-7 (6.7), NY132 (6.7)
 

 

Table  1.  Snack Food Association Trial.  Total yield, marketable yield, percentage of yield by grade, size distribution, percent culls,  and specific gravity of chipping potato clones grown in Hastings, FL – 2004.
Clone

Total Yield
(cwt/A)

 

Marketable Yield 1
 (cwt/A)

  

Size
Distribution by Class (%)2

 

Size
Distribution (%)

   %
culls		 Specific
Gravity
 Percent of standard

C 

1

2

3

4

5

2 to 4

3 to 4

Season–103 days

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Atlantic

344

 

275

 

100

 

11

8

69

13

0

0

 

81

13

 

2

1.091

Snowden

396

 

306

 

111

 

11

11

74

4

0

0

 

78

4

 

0

1.086

A91790-13

314

 

250

 

91

 

10

7

59

23

0

0

 

83

24

 

3

1.083

AF2211-9

301

 

248

 

90

 

9

7

71

12

1

0

 

84

13

 

2

1.088

B1240-1

343

 

275

 

100

 

9

9

74

9

0

0

 

82

9

 

2

1.083

MSF099-3

248

 

154

 

56

 

18

18

61

3

0

0

 

64

3

 

2

1.086

MSJ461-1

299

 

155

 

56

 

29

17

51

2

0

0

 

54

2

 

2

1.077

ND2470-27

231

 

157

 

57

 

18

12

63

8

0

0

 

70

8

 

4

1.082

ND5822C-7

401

 

257

 

93

 

20

15

62

3

0

0

 

65

3

 

2

1.085

NY132

385

 

285

 

103

 

14

10

66

9

1

0

 

76

10

 

2

1.086

W1201

367

 

314

 

114

 

8

6

56

30

1

0

 

87

31

 

2

1.091

W1773-7

371

 

318

 

115

 

8

6

65

20

2

0

 

86

22

 

1

1.087

Average

333

 

247

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.085

Planted on February 4, 2004, fertilizer rate was 100-43-86/A plus 50-0-42/A (2 appl.) and 30-0-25/A side dressed, harvested on May 17, 2004.

1 - Marketable Yield:  size classes 2 to 4.
2 - Size classes: C = .5 to 1.5”, 1 = 1.5 to 1 7/8", 2 = 1 7/8 to 2.5", 3 = 2.5 to 3.25", 4 = 3.25 to 4", 5 = >4";   Size Distribution by Class was calculated with the following formula: Class (wt)/Total Yield (wt) – culls (wt)

 





 

Table  2.  Snack Food Association Trial.  Yield, vine maturity, tuber characteristics, and internal defects of chipping potato clones grown in Hastings, FL – 2004.

 Clone

Total Yield
(cwt/A)

 

 

 

Marketable Yield
(cwt/A)

 

 

 

Vine
Maturity1

 

 

 

Tuber Characteristics1

 

 

 

Internal Defects2

IFC

SC

 ST

 TS

 ED

APP

 HH

 BR

 CRS

 IHN

Season–103 days

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Atlantic

344

 

275

 

4.0

 

2.0

6.0

5.3

2.3

6.0

5.7

 

1

0

0

0

Snowden

396

 

306

 

3.0

 

2.0

6.0

5.3

2.0

5.7

6.7

 

0

0

0

0

A91790-13

314

 

250

 

3.0

 

1.5

6.7

6.3

2.7

6.3

5.3

 

0

0

0

0

AF2211-9

301

 

248

 

5.0

 

1.0

6.3

5.7

2.3

6.7

5.7

 

0

0

0

1

B1240-1

343

 

275

 

5.0

 

2.0

7.3

5.7

3.0

6.7

6.3

 

1

0

0

0

MSF099-3

248

 

154

 

1.0

 

2.0

6.3

5.3

3.7

6.7

5.7

 

4

0

0

0

MSJ461-1

299

 

155

 

2.0

 

2.0

6.3

5.7

3.3

6.0

4.7

 

0

0

0

0

ND2470-27

231

 

157

 

2.0

 

1.0

6.7

6.0

2.3

6.3

5.7

 

0

0

0

0

ND5822C-7

401

 

257

 

4.0

 

1.0

7.7

6.7

2.7

6.0

6.7

 

0

0

0

0

NY132

385

 

285

 

6.0

 

2.0

6.7

6.3

3.3

6.7

6.7

 

4

0

0

0

W1201

367

 

314

 

5.0

 

1.0

6.0

5.3

3.3

5.3

5.7

 

0

0

0

0

W1773-7

371

 

318

 

3.0

 

1.0

6.0

5.0

2.7

6.0

5.3

 

0

0

0

0

1 - See rating system outlined in Florida Rating Code Table
 2 - Percent of tubers with defects.  HH = hollow heart, BR = brown rot, CRS = corky ring spot, IHN = internal heat necrosis.

 

 

Table  3.  Snack Food Association Trial.  Chip quality data for chipping potato clones grown in Hastings, FL - 2004.
Clone

Total Yield(cwt/A)

Marketable
Yield
(cwt/A)

  

Chip Data1
 

Agtron
Chip Rating

 

  SG    Comments
 

 

Season–103 days

              

 
Atlantic

344

275

  

61.9

 

1.091

ED, ID
Snowden

396

306

  

62.6

 

1.086

 
A91790-13

314

250

  

63.4

 

1.083

 

AF2211-9

301

248

66.3

1.088

ED
B1240-1

343

275

  

65.4

 

1.083

ID
MSF099-3

248

154

  

60.6

 

1.086

BC, SEB
MSJ461-1

299

155

  

63.6

 

1.077

ID, VB

ND2470-27

231

157

65.2

1.082

SEB

ND5822C-7

401

257

 

63.7

 

1.085

ID

NY132

385

285

 

67.4

 

1.086

 

W1201

367

314

 

61.0

 

1.091

 

W1773-7

371

318

 

60.9

 

1.087

 

Average

333

247

 

1.085

1 Agtron Chip Rating determined by Utz Quality Foods.  Comments: ED = external discoloration; ID = internal discoloration; BC = brown center; SEB = stem end browning; VB = vascular browning.  Many tubers of all varieties were bruised before reaching the processing plant.




 

Table 4.  Florida Rating Codes for Potato Plant and Potato Tuber Characteristics.1

 Plant Characteristics 

Rating
Code

Early
Vigor

Plant
Size

Vine
Maturity

Vine
Type

Vine Maturity at Harvest/Vinekill

1

No Emergence

Very Small

Very Early

Decumbent – Poor

Dead

2

Leaves in Rosette

--

Early

Decumbent – Fair

--

3

Plants < 2”

Small

+

Decumbent – Good

Yellow and Dying

4

Plants 2” to 4”

--

Medium Early

Spreading – Poor

--

5

Plants 4” to 6”

Medium

Medium

Spreading – Fair

Moderately Senesced

6

Plants 6” to 8”

--

Medium Late

Spreading – Good

--

7

Plants 8” to 10”

Large

+

Upright – Poor

Starting to Senesce

8

Plants 10” to 12”

--

Late

Upright – Fair

--

9

Plants > 12”

Very Large

Very Late

Upright - Good

Green and Vigorous

Tuber Characteristics

Rating
Code

Internal
Flesh Color

Skin
Color

Skin
Texture

Tuber
Shape

Eye
Depth

Overall
Appearance

1

White

Purple

Part. Russet

Round

Very Deep

Very Poor

2

Cream

Red

Heavy Russet

Mostly Round

--

--

3

Light Yellow

Pink

Mod. Russet

Round to Oblong

Deep

Poor

4

Medium Yellow

Dark Brown

Light Russet

Mostly Oblong

--

--

5

Dark Yellow

Brown

Netted

Oblong

Intermediate

Fair

6

Pink

Tan

Slightly Netted

Oblong to Long

--

--

7

Red

Buff

Mod. Smooth

Mostly Long

Shallow

Good

8

Blue

White

Smooth

Long

--

--

9

Purple

Cream

Very Smooth

Cylindrical

Very Shallow

Excellent

 1 Adapted from Sisson and Porter, 2002.

Chad Hutchinson
 Horticultural Sciences Department
Vegetarian 05-03